By Maureen O. Khoo, MD, FACOG
Ovarian cysts are a common gynecological condition that many women will experience at some point in their lives. While most cysts are harmless and resolve on their own, some can cause complications and require medical intervention. As a board-certified OB/GYN, Dr. Maureen O. Khoo is committed to providing compassionate, comprehensive women’s healthcare, including expert diagnosis and management of ovarian cysts.
What Are Ovarian Cysts?
Ovarian cysts are fluid-filled sacs that develop on or inside the ovaries. These cysts can vary in size, shape, and type. They often form during the menstrual cycle and are usually benign (non-cancerous). In many cases, women may not even be aware they have a cyst unless it is discovered during a routine pelvic exam or imaging for another reason.
Types of Ovarian Cysts
- Functional Cysts:
The most common type, these develop as part of the normal menstrual cycle.- Follicular cysts form when an egg doesn’t release as expected.
- Corpus luteum cysts occur after the follicle releases the egg and the remaining tissue seals and fills with fluid.
- Dermoid Cysts:
These can contain different types of tissue like hair, skin, or teeth. They are generally benign. - Endometriomas:
Caused by endometriosis, these cysts form when endometrial tissue attaches to the ovary. - Cystadenomas:
These develop from ovarian tissue and may be filled with watery or mucous-like material.
Symptoms of Ovarian Cysts
While many cysts are asymptomatic, some women may experience:
- Pelvic pain or pressure
- Bloating or abdominal swelling
- Pain during intercourse
- Menstrual irregularities
- Frequent urination or difficulty emptying the bladder
Sudden, severe pain accompanied by fever or vomiting could indicate a ruptured cyst or ovarian torsion—both of which require emergency care.
Diagnosis and Evaluation
Dr. Khoo uses a combination of pelvic examinations, ultrasound imaging, and, if necessary, blood tests (like CA-125) to evaluate the nature of an ovarian cyst. This careful approach ensures an accurate diagnosis and the most appropriate treatment plan.
Treatment Options
Treatment depends on the size, type, and symptoms of the cyst:
- Watchful Waiting: For functional cysts, Dr. Khoo may recommend monitoring with follow-up ultrasounds to see if the cyst resolves naturally.
- Medication: Hormonal contraceptives can help regulate the menstrual cycle and reduce the risk of new cysts forming.
- Surgical Intervention: If the cyst is large, persistent, or causing symptoms, minimally invasive surgery (laparoscopy) or open surgery (laparotomy) may be required to remove the cyst or, in rare cases, the ovary.
Comprehensive Q&A: Ovarian Cysts
Q: Are ovarian cysts dangerous?
A: Most ovarian cysts are benign and harmless. However, some may lead to complications like rupture, bleeding, or ovarian torsion. Rarely, cysts may be cancerous, particularly in postmenopausal women.
Q: Can ovarian cysts affect fertility?
A: Functional cysts usually do not impact fertility. However, cysts caused by conditions like endometriosis or polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) can make it more difficult to conceive and may require additional treatment.
Q: What can I do to prevent ovarian cysts?
A: There’s no guaranteed way to prevent ovarian cysts, but hormonal birth control can reduce their occurrence. Regular gynecological check-ups are key to early detection and monitoring.
Q: When should I seek medical attention?
A: Seek prompt care if you experience severe abdominal pain, fever, vomiting, dizziness, or signs of internal bleeding. These may be symptoms of a ruptured cyst or torsion, which are medical emergencies.
Q: How are ovarian cysts different from PCOS?
A: Ovarian cysts are usually isolated growths, while PCOS (Polycystic Ovary Syndrome) is a hormonal disorder where the ovaries produce many small cysts over time, along with symptoms like irregular periods, acne, and excess hair growth.
Why Choose Dr. Maureen O. Khoo for Ovarian Cyst Care
With extensive experience in women’s health and advanced surgical skills, Dr. Khoo offers personalized care to help you manage ovarian cysts with confidence. Whether you’re seeking relief from painful symptoms or guidance for a more complex case, you’ll receive compassionate, thorough care every step of the way.
Contact Information
Maureen O. Khoo, MD, FACOG
📍 Los Gatos Office:
320 Dardanelli Lane, Suite 20
Los Gatos, CA 95032
📍 Mountain View Office (Melchor Pavilion):
2490 Hospital Drive, Suite 209
Mountain View, CA 94040
📞 Phone: (408) 364-2440
🌐 Website: khoomd.com
Take Control of Your Health
If you’re experiencing symptoms or have concerns about ovarian cysts, don’t wait. Schedule a consultation with Dr. Maureen Khoo today to get the answers and care you deserve.